Materials
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There are many different materials in Noita, each with their own special properties and effects. Liquid materials are often distinguished by their densities, and solid materials by their Durability and Hardness. There are some materials that can damage you.
Material types
Materials all fall into the following categories:
Name Properties Solids Materials that consist of solid pixels that do not move. They can be removed or be transformed into other types by spells. Liquids Substances that form flat pools and lakes inside suitable pits. They can be bottled in Flasks and often inflict various Status Effects. Each liquid has its own Density, causing it to layer above or below other liquids. Magical Liquids Similar to normal liquids, but all have some sort of transmutative or magical effect. Most of them commonly spawn inside Flasks on pedestals. Gaseous Non-collision pixels that obey gravity inversely, flowing upwards instead of down and forming "lakes" in pits in cave ceilings. Powders Materials that flow downwards and are subjected to gravity. They will naturally form piles on the ground. Organic and Others Anything else that doesn't quite fit into the other categories, such as background objects, meat, or fire.
Material properties
Density
Density is a primarily a property of Liquids in Noita, which causes heavier (more dense) liquids to sink, and lighter (less dense) liquids to rise. [Similar to a Layered drink.]
Durability
Durability determines resistance to damage. Projectiles like Luminous Drill, and all explosions such as those from Bomb, have a maximum durability that they can be used to destroy. If a material's durability exceeds this value, the projectile or explosion will not damage or destroy it.
The following table lists the maximum durability threshold of some spells, as well as some examples of materials with those durabilities.
Durability Materials Example Spells None does not destroy materials 
Bouncing BurstA very bouncy projectile
Spitter BoltA short-lived magical bolt
Spitter Bolt With TimerA short-lived magical bolt that casts another spell after a timer runs out
Large Spitter BoltA more powerful version of Spitter Bolt
Giant Spitter BoltThe most powerful version of Spitter Bolt4 Sand 5 Cheese 8 Coal, Concrete 
Spark BoltA weak but enchanting sparkling projectile
Spark Bolt With TimerA spark bolt that casts another spell after a timer runs out
Energy SphereA fast, arcing projectile
Energy Sphere With TimerA fast, arcing projectile that casts another spell after a timer runs out
Magic ArrowA handy magical arrow
Magic Arrow With TriggerA magical arrow that casts another spell upon collision9 Meat (Static) 
??????
Spark Bolt With Double TriggerA spark bolt that casts two new spells upon collision10 Dense Rock, Soil, Rusted Metal (Static) 
Bubble SparkA bouncy, inaccurate spell
Triplicate BoltA formation of three small, fast bolts
Magic BoltA powerful magical bolt
Energy OrbA slow but powerful orb of energy
ChainsawA good tool for cutting meat. Also has some magical properties...
Digging BoltA bolt that is ideal for mining operations
Digging BlastMore powerful digging
Propane TankSummons a propane tank. Be careful what you wish for.
Unstable CrystalA crystal that explodes when someone comes nearby
Dormant CrystalA crystal that explodes when caught in an explosion
FireballA powerful exploding spell
FireboltA bouncy, explosive bolt
Giant FireboltThe most powerful version of Firebolt
Magic MissileA fiery, explosive projectile
Giant Magic MissileThe most powerful version of Magic missile
FirebombSlow, fiery bolt
MeteorA destructive projectile from the skies!
SlimeballA dripping ball of poisonous slime
Death CrossA deadly energy cross that explodes after a short time11 Rusted Steel 
Giga Death CrossA giant, deadly energy cross that explodes after a short time
Pinpoint Of LightAn extremely concentrated point of light that explodes after a moment
DynamiteSummons a small explosive
Plasma BeamAn instantaneous, dangerous beam of light12 Extremely Dense Rock, Steel 
NukeTake cover!
Holy BombSummons a bomb that... well...13 Dense Steel 14 Brickwork, Cursed Rock 
Giga NukeWhat do you expect?
Giga Holy BombBigger and therefore holier
Luminous DrillA pinpointed, short-ranged beam of concentrated light
Glowing LanceA magical lance that cuts through soft materials
Hardness
Hardness also determines resistance to damage, secondarily to Durability.
Each pixel of material has an 'HP' value in the materials file. An explosion traces multiple rays around the point of explosion. These rays have a maximum "ray energy" that is used to consume the HP of each pixel of the material the ray is travelling through, up to the maximum radius of the explosion. When the "ray energy" is used up, the material is no longer destroyed.
This is why, for example, Unstable Crystal is worse at digging than TNT; TNT, in addition to being able to damage materials up to 11 durability (vs. 10 for Unstable Crystal), has more than 30 times the "ray energy" of Unstable Crystal, meaning that for materials with a lot of hardness like rock, explosions from Unstable Crystal will only destroy 2-3 pixels of material, whereas TNT is likely to remove material up to its full radius of 28 pixels.
Solids
Wood
Brick
Rock
Meat
Conductive
Frozen
Free Solids
Other
Liquids
Standard Liquids
Molten Materials
Molten materials are always-burning materials created when a solid or powder material comes into contact with Lava or melted in some other way. They will in most cases cause the 
On Fire! debuff when touched. These are materials tagged with [molten] or [molten_metal].
Magical Liquids
While most liquids and powders can spawn in a Flask, Magical Liquids nearly always do, aside from some that also appear in pools or are created with Alchemy. These mostly consist of materials tagged with [magic_liquid].
The following materials do not have a [magic_liquid] tag but do have some incredible effect.
Material Gimmick 
Alchemic Precursor
Precursor for Draught of Midas. 
Draught Of Midas
Converts almost anything it touches to gold.
Gasses
There are a small set of gasses and vapours in Noita, the most common of which are Smoke and Steam.
Powders
Standard Powders
Ground & Soil
Plants
Fire
Food
Materials with the [food] tag can be consumed to receive benefits while having the Eat Your Vegetables perk, although some also have negative consequences.
Player damage
Player material damage Material Id Material In-game Per frame,
per pixelDPS per pixel DPS submerged
(85 pixels)acid Acid 0.125 7.5 637.5 rock_static_cursed Cursed Rock 0.125 7.5 637.5 magic_gas_hp_regeneration Healium -0.125 -7.5 -637.5 rock_static_cursed_green Greed-Cursed Rock 0.100 6.0 510.0 lava Lava 0.075 4.5 382.5 poison Poison 0.025 1.5 127.5 radioactive_gas Toxic Gas 0.025 1.5 127.5 radioactive_gas_static rock_static_radioactive Toxic Rock 0.025 1.5 127.5 rock_static_poison Poisonous Rock 0.025 1.5 127.5 ice_radioactive_static Toxic Ice 0.025 1.5 127.5 ice_radioactive_glass ice_acid_static Frozen Acid 0.025 1.5 127.5 ice_acid_glass blood_cold Freezing Liquid 0.0225 1.35 114.75 blood_cold_vapour Freezing Vapour 0.015 0.9 76.5 cursed_liquid Greed-Cursed Liquid 0.0125 0.75 63.75 gold_radioactive Toxic Gold 0.005 0.3 25.5 gold_static_radioactive poo_gas Nauseating Gas 0.00025 0.015 1.275
See Also
- Material Information Table, sortable details
- Full onwiki database, cargo query
- Potions
- World generation#Material colors
- Materials spreadsheet by Vexx32
- Table of Alchemical Reactions
- Alchemy
- Modding:Material IDs